20 papers
In a small experimental study of five stable COPD patients, three months of daily Vitamin D supplementation significantly increased serum HDAC2 levels and showed a non-significant trend toward improved pulmonary function, suggesting a potential anti-inflammatory effect despite the lack of statistically significant functional improvements.
This study integrates bidirectional Mendelian randomization and multi-omics bioinformatics to establish causal links between specific oral microbiota and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), identifying MPDZ as a key hub gene and proposing candidate therapeutic drugs for personalized treatment strategies.
This study suggests that streptomycin remains a potential therapeutic alternative for amikacin-resistant *Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare* complex pulmonary disease because, unlike kanamycin, it does not exhibit cross-resistance with amikacin and is associated with distinct genetic mutations.
A multi-country study of 1,855 participants demonstrates that sputum quality does not independently affect Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra positivity and that the test maintains high sensitivity and specificity across all sputum grades, supporting the molecular testing of all sputum samples regardless of their macroscopic appearance.
This qualitative study reveals that the Philips PAP device recall caused significant confusion, emotional distress, and logistical burdens for patients and healthcare providers due to inadequate communication and disorganized execution, ultimately eroding trust in both the manufacturer and regulatory oversight.
The ExPeL study demonstrates that the Inflammacheck point-of-care device, which analyzes exhaled breath condensate using machine learning and metabolomics, effectively distinguishes early-stage lung cancer from controls with high accuracy and zero false positives, offering a promising non-invasive tool for primary care screening.
This two-stage individual participant data meta-analysis of three international longitudinal cohorts provides robust evidence of a significant bidirectional association between chronic lung disease and incident osteoporosis in adults aged 50 and older, highlighting the need for integrated screening and management of both conditions.
This study demonstrates that an imbalance in sphingolipid metabolites, specifically an increased sphingosine-1-phosphate to sphinganine-1-phosphate ratio driven by ORMDL3-mediated suppression of sphingolipid synthesis, causes airway hyperreactivity in asthma, while restoring sphinganine-1-phosphate levels can mitigate this dysfunction.
While CFTR modulator therapy significantly improves systemic inflammation, lung function, and radiological outcomes in Cystic Fibrosis patients, it fails to correct the underlying basal cell defect responsible for impaired lung repair.
This multicentre retrospective study of nearly 1,000 acute interstitial lung disease admissions in the North West of England reveals that while the most socially deprived populations face a high burden of hospitalization, the direct association between geographical deprivation and 90-day all-cause mortality is complex and statistically inconsistent, suggesting a multifactorial relationship rather than a straightforward causal link.
This retrospective study of 2,232 patients in Calgary found that while neighborhood-level social vulnerability is associated with obstructive sleep apnea severity at referral, this relationship is mediated by BMI, whereas specific deprivation dimensions independently predict increased sleepiness.
This study demonstrates that short-term CPAP re-initiation in OSA patients rapidly improves endothelial function and reduces hypoxic burden, while autonomic measures remain stable, suggesting a temporal dissociation between reversible respiratory metrics and slower-acting autonomic markers.
This retrospective study from Bangladesh demonstrates that adult patients with cystic fibrosis exhibit distinct high-resolution computed tomography patterns, specifically a higher prevalence of cystic morphology and mixed central-peripheral extension, compared to those with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, suggesting these radiologic features can aid in early diagnosis and treatment selection.
This study demonstrates that while abnormal oxygen pulse kinetics are associated with cardiac dysfunction in patients with mild pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension, the ventilatory inefficiency ratio (VE/VCO2/peakVO2) serves as a superior independent predictor of both cardiovascular limitation and mortality, aiding in the differentiation of cardiac dysfunction from deconditioning when conventional parameters are inconclusive.
This proof-of-concept study introduces a hybrid HU-Z-score CT analysis method that detects early qualitative pulmonary fibrosis progression (tissue densification) before significant territorial expansion, offering a more sensitive tool for timely antifibrotic therapy initiation than traditional volume-based or functional criteria.
This study demonstrates that a greater longitudinal decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) from early adulthood to midlife is strongly associated with the presence of interstitial lung abnormalities, suggesting that physiologic lung function impairment precedes radiologic evidence of subclinical lung disease.
This retrospective cohort study suggests that patients with myositis-associated interstitial lung disease exhibiting an organizing pneumonia (OP)-predominant radiologic pattern demonstrate a more favorable therapeutic response and greater improvement in lung function and radiologic signs over 24 months compared to those with a nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP)-predominant pattern.
In a Phase 1b randomized dose-escalation study, inhaled LTI-03 demonstrated a favorable safety profile and significantly reduced key fibrotic and epithelial biomarkers in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, supporting its further evaluation in a Phase 2 trial.
This cross-sectional study in Romania demonstrates that IP-10-based assays (RIDA®QUICK TB and RIDASCREEN® TB) exhibit high sensitivity and excellent positive predictive value for detecting active and latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections, often outperforming the standard QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus assay, though larger studies are needed to fully establish their specificity.
This study demonstrates that machine learning models utilizing routinely available electronic health record data can effectively identify interstitial lung disease and predict mortality in patients with systemic sclerosis, offering a scalable tool for early risk stratification and improved clinical monitoring.